①動詞を打ち消す場合
Are you Chinese?—No, I'm not Chinese. I'm Japanese.
♔基本Are you Chinese?—No, I'm not Chinese. I'm Japanese.
君は中国人?—いいえ, 僕ぼくは中国人じゃありません. 日本人です.
⦣ be動詞＋not.
My bicycle is not [isn't] new.
My bicycle is not [isn't] new.
私の自転車は新しくない.
My mother can cook very well, but my father cannot [can't] cook.
♔基本My mother can cook very well, but my father cannot [can't] cook.
母はとても上手に料理をすることができるが, 父は料理ができません.
⦣ 助動詞＋not＋動詞. can not はふつう cannot と1語に, あるいは短縮して can't とする.
You must not [mustn't] say such a thing.
You must not [mustn't] say such a thing.
そんなことを言ってはいけません.
I do not [don't] think so.
I do not [don't] think so.
私はそうは思いません.
Don't go there.
Don't go there.
そこへは行くな.
Don't be late.
Don't be late.
遅おくれるな.
✓POINT
否定の命令文では be動詞の場合も Don't を使う.
They did not [didn't] do their homework.
They did not [didn't] do their homework.
彼らは宿題をしなかった.
Aren't you happy?—No, I'm not.
会話Aren't you happy?—No, I'm not.
あなたは幸せではないのですか.—ええ, 幸せじゃありません.
⦣ 話し言葉では否定の疑問文の場合は aren't, can't, won't など短くした形が文の最初にくる. Are you not happy? は形式張った感じになる.
②名詞・形容詞・副詞・不定詞などを打ち消す場合 ⦣ 打ち消す語（句）のすぐ前に置かれる.
Not many people know this.
Not many people know this.
これを知っている人は多くない.
I said fourteen, not forty.
I said fourteen, not forty.
私は14と言ったので40と言ったのではない.
He came not on Monday but on Tuesday.
He came not on Monday but on Tuesday.
Be careful not to be late for school.
Be careful not to be late for school.
学校に遅れないように気をつけなさい.
