❶作る, こしらえる ⦣ 目的語によって訳語を適当に変えること.
make a box
♔基本make a box
箱を作る
⦣ make+名詞.
make a dress
make a dress
洋服を作る
make a plan
make a plan
計画を立てる
My mother makes good jam.
My mother makes good jam.
私の母はおいしいジャムを作る.
The birds made their nest in the tree.
The birds made their nest in the tree.
鳥たちは木に巣を造った.
Mother made me a fine dress.=Mother made a fine dress for me.
♔基本Mother made me a fine dress.=Mother made a fine dress for me.
母は私にすてきなドレスを作ってくれた.
⦣ make AB =make B for A は「AのためにBを作る」.
I have never made a dress myself.
I have never made a dress myself.
私は自分で洋服を作ったことがありません.
⦣ 現在完了かんりょうの文. have助動❷
This camera was made in Germany.
This camera was made in Germany.
このカメラはドイツで作られた.
⦣ 受け身の文. was助動❷
The wine made here is very famous.
The wine made here is very famous.
ここで造られた[当地産の]ワインはとても有名です.
⦣ made は過去分詞(造られた)で wine を修飾しゅうしょくする.
Who's making all that noise?—Bob is. He is making a doghouse.
会話Who's making all that noise?—Bob is. He is making a doghouse.
あのそうぞうしい音は誰だれが立てているの?—ボブです. 彼は犬小屋を作っています.
⦣ 現在進行形の文. is助動❶
❸~を~にする
make him happy
♔基本make him happy
彼を幸福にする
⦣ make AB (形容詞)は「AをBにする」.
What made her angry like that?
What made her angry like that?
(何が彼女をそんなに怒おこらせたのか)なぜ彼女はそんなに怒ったのか.
⦣ like that は「そのように」.
make him king
♔基本make him king
彼を王様にする
⦣ make AB (名詞)は「AをBにする」. B が役職名だと ×a や ×the がつかないことが多い.
We made Bob captain of the team.
We made Bob captain of the team.
私たちはボブをチームのキャプテンにした.
He was made captain of the team.
He was made captain of the team.
彼はチームのキャプテンにされた.
⦣ 受け身.
make it known
♔基本make it known
それを知られるようにする, それを知らせる
⦣ make AB (過去分詞)は「 A が B されるようにする」.
I can make myself understood in English.
I can make myself understood in English.
(私は英語で自分の言うことを理解されるようにすることができる)私は英語で自分の言うことを伝えることができる.
❹(主語の意思で)~に~させる
make him go
♔基本make him go
彼を行かせる
⦣ make A +動詞の原形. ×make him to go としない. let him go は「(彼の望みどおりに)彼を行かせる」の意味.
I don't like milk, but Mother made me drink it.
I don't like milk, but Mother made me drink it.
僕ぼくは牛乳が好きじゃないのに母は僕にそれを飲ませた.
I was made to drink milk.
I was made to drink milk.
僕は牛乳を飲まされた.
⦣ 受け身の文.
✓POINT
受け身形では to drink のように to がつくことに注意.
What makes you cry like that?
What makes you cry like that?
(何が君をそんなに泣かせるのか)なぜ君はそんなに泣くのか.